What's the distinction between a vector and a not-a-vector?

According to Simple English Wikipedia, raster (non-vectors) graphics:

… is one of two kinds of computer graphics. With raster graphics, images are modeled as big collections of pixels. Usually they form an image shaped like a rectangle. Each pixel holds something, like color or transparency.

And vectors:

is a type of computer graphics. Vector graphics uses geometrical objects, like points, lines, curves, and polygons to model the image.